You can enlarge the photos by clicking on them. Click the back arrow key to return to the post.
Every chapter in My Life Story includes information about me, my work, my family and my friends.It also includes information about events that took place locally and nationally, etc. that I thought important enough to include. You’ll also find that I’ve included films, musicians and recordings/videos, in addition to books that were released in a given year.
While I have included many personal photos, most of the graphic content included below is borrowed from the Internet. I do not claim to own this material. I am just adding it for educational purposes. If the owners of any of the content in the “My Life Story” series want their stuff removed, I am happy to oblige. My email address is jrdiaz@arizona.edu. Thanks!
As soon as I turned 19, I was given a promotion at Fry’s. I went from carryout to cashier/stocker, and the pay was much better. These were my work tools. I can’t tell you how many boxes I opened and cans I priced while working for this company or how many groceries I checked out. I was pretty fast too! I lasted 10 years with the company, and got vested, so now I receive a small pension check every month. Thanks to the United Food and Commercial Workers Union!
This was the text for my class titled “Normal Personality”. It was really a course on transactional analysis, a humanistic form of psychology that was in some ways a takeoff on Freudian psychology. Instead of the id, the ego and the superego, T.A. talked about the “parent, the adult and the child” being the driving forces in people’s psyches. The teacher was good, but not pro-gay, unfortunately. Still, I loved the class.
I was living in the dorm at this time, and was so depressed, I seriously thought about ending my life. Pushed to the edge, I finally decided that I wanted to live, and that I was going to at least explore what being gay meant. What I really wanted was to find a friend, someone I could get to know and have a relationship with. I also wanted to have fun. I knew that Jeckyll’s was a gay bar, but I had never been in one before. It was located at the intersection of Drachman and Oracle Rd., and I drove around it several times, but then went back home. I drove back and forth again a couple of times before I finally decided to enter the place. I had no idea what to expect. On this particular night, the bar was showing a movie. I got myself a beer, and I met a nice looking guy who was sitting at the bar having a drink. We started talking and we hit it off. His name was Bill and he was visiting from Yuma. We then went to sit down to watch the movie, and soon began to make out in front of a lot of other people. I really didn’t care at that point. I was completely swept away by the guy and the desire I felt. We later went to his hotel room at the MacArthur Hotel, a real dump of a place, and messed around. It had been the first time I’d ever done anything sexual since I was 15. I absolutely loved it. Later at work, someone, a “straight” guy who was in the audience at the movie with his girlfriend that night saw me making out with the guy I was with, and I found out a while later that he told everyone at Fry’s that I was queer. Wow, what luck, and on my first night out! That really messed me up. I even had a falling out with my best friend for a while because he continued being friends with the guy who outed me. I felt betrayed, and it took a long time to let the grudge I had developed go. Being outed didn’t stop me, however, from continuing to go out and meeting other people. I felt liberated and free, and felt like I was finally starting to really live.
Shortly after I decided to start going out, I visited Jane, my teacher and friend from Salpointe, and I came out to her as bisexual. I guess I wasn’t quite yet ready to admit that I was gay. It took several years to embrace that fully. I wrote the following in my journal. The guy Bill was my psychology teacher at the time.
Although I would not always remain so positive and upbeat, during the first month of my life as a gay man I was incredibly happy. I celebrated my new freedom in the following journal entry.
While I was in the Fisherman’s Wharf area, I decided to eat a sandwich and buy some sourdough bread for my aunt and uncle. As I was eating my lunch, two nice looking, well dressed guys in their twenties came up to me and struck up a conversation. They asked if I was by myself and if I had a place to stay. I told them I was just visiting from out of town and enjoying the sites. We engaged in small talk for a few minutes, and then suddenly, they invited me to have dinner with them, and they gave me a postcard with a sketch of their house on it that included the address. I wondered if they were gay, and I took the postcard but didn’t commit to anything. When I went back to my aunt’s house, I mentioned to my cousin that I had met these guys and that they were very nice and had invited me to dinner. She shook her head at me and suggested that I not go, because “there were all kinds of kooks in the city”. I ended up not going, and boy, I’m sure glad I didn’t. A month or so later, I was flipping through People magazine and I noticed a copy of the postcard these guys had given me. It was included in an article some guy had written about his undercover experience with a cult called the Moonies. Then it dawned on me. Those guys were trying to recruit me to become a Moonie! Man, that sure was a close call. Since I’ve been putting my life story in pictures together, I thought about that postcard and wished that I had kept it. After searching for it on the internet without any luck, I finally found a citation to the article, and was able to buy a copy of People Magazine that included the photo of the postcard. Here it is, the infamous Moonie House.
By this point, I had met several guys, and after while I figured out that just because you sleep with someone and fall for them, it doesn’t mean they love you in return. I realized that there was more to life than just sex. I wanted someone I could relate to, someone I could spend time with and connect with. I had also met a couple of women and had sex with them too by this point. One minute I was happy being gay, the next I was forcing myself to try going in the other direction. This pattern would continue up through my mid-20s. Deep down, I never “wanted” to be gay and while I accepted it to a degree, I continued to fight it, again and again. It was just crazy. Being gay in 1978 was not what being gay is like today. It was a huge deal, and very controversial. I couldn’t be completely “out”. No way. I hid my sexuality from my family and my friends, with very few exceptions. I was living a secret life, and it got me down a lot of the time.
I really did want to be less closeted, and even joined a new gay group on campus, but the fear of being outed, beaten up or even killed was all too real for many of the students. At one point, I expressed the opinion that we should be more visible, and a fellow student stated, “what, you want us to go out there and hold hands in public or something? Are you crazy?” One of the activities this group sponsored was movie viewings. We all sat in the living room of someone’s house one night and saw the documentary, “Word Is Out”. It was very inspiring, but it didn’t change things for us locally. Just two years earlier, a guy named Richard Heakin, was visiting from the Midwest and was murdered by some teenage guys outside the Stonewall bar on N. 1st, a gay bar that later became one of my watering holes, The Joshua Tree/Back Pocket. The memory of that murder was likely still on a lot of people’s minds. Heakin’s murderers were let off easily, but the City of Tucson soon thereafter passed the first civil rights, anti-discrimination ordinance in the country, which provided a number of protections for members of the local gay community.
My sister Becky came home for Christmas, and it was joyous occasion. We had a number of family get-togethers. The photos included here bring back wonderful memories of her visit with us. She promised that she’d soon come back home permanently, but it took another two years before that happened.
Wow, what a year! I managed to complete another year of school while working part time. My wages this year ($7,000+) increased significantly when I started cashiering and stocking. I came out to myself in March, became sexually active, starting dating men (and a few women), and going out a lot; I went to San Francisco, saw Bob Dylan for the very first time and saw Joan Baez again, fell in and out of love a few times, and lived on my own in my own space for half the year. As the new year approached, my hope was to find a steady boyfriend (or girlfriend) and to take a little break from school. I was beginning to sour on psychology as a future profession, and needed to think about what I really wanted to study, so I decided to just work as much as possible at the grocery store the following semester and take some time to think about the direction I wanted my education to take.
You can enlarge the photos by clicking on them. Click the back arrow key to return to the post.
Every chapter in My Life Story includes information about me, my work, my family and my friends.It also includes information about events that took place locally and nationally, etc. that I thought important enough to include. You’ll also find that I’ve included films, musicians and recordings/videos, in addition to books that were released in a given year.
While I have included many personal photos, most of the graphic content included below is borrowed from the Internet. I do not claim to own this material. I am just adding it for educational purposes. If the owners of any of the content in the “My Life Story” series want their stuff removed, I am happy to oblige. My email address is jrdiaz@arizona.edu. Thanks!
All in all, 1977 was a milestone year. I completed my first year of college while working all the while (earning $2,348 for the year), I went to New York by myself, I learned how to drive, opened my own bank account, and I moved out of my parents’ house.
Included in this post are events that meant something to me. By this point in my life, I considered myself a bit of a bohemian with a politcally radical bent, and began to shy away from a lof of stuff that was super popular in American culture. I acknowledge that there were several other key events that occurred this particular year that aren’t included here, but they didn’t really impact me nor was I interested in them. I wasn’t interested in seeing Star Wars, for example, nor did I care much for Saturday Night Fever or Donna Summer, even though I loved to dance. Also, Elvis died this year, but I was never a big fan. My sister had told me that he once said that he didn’t like Mexicans, that he’d rather date a dog before he dated a Mexican girl. That was enough to keep me away. As far as I was concerned, he was a second rate singer who ripped off the music of the Black community and made tons of money in the process.
The first important decision I ever made in my life was to attend Salpointe. Choosing to leave Salpointe early to attend the University of Arizona was the second most important decision. I was 17 when I started at the U of A. I lived at home, and had a job at Fry’s Food Stores as a carry out clerk. My friends Richard, Sylvia, Rose and Terri were still all away at college. It didn’t matter, however. I was going to college too!
My classes started on January 13, two days before my 18th birthday. I had initially signed up for five classes. They included Freshman English, The Chicano in American Society (Sociology 71), An Introduction to Anthropology, An Introduction to Logic and Mexican American Literature. 15 units was a lot to handle, especially given that I worked half time at the grocery store, so I quickly decided to drop the Mexican American literature class because it would be taught all in Spanish, and I had a feeling I would struggle with it, even though I had just taken the Spanish proficiency exam and had passed it with flying colors. My friend Richard’s sister Ana was in my sociology class, which made things easier, as I didn’t really have many friends around when I started at the UofA. I really liked my Freshman English teacher, Sally Perper, who was a former journalist. I wrote an essay on the Rolling Thunder Revue tour that brought Bob Dylan and Joan Baez together again and I got an “A” on it. I did pretty well overall in all of my English and literature courses. I could’ve been an English major.
I had also found a job at the University of Arizona Library at the beginning of the semester. A woman named Jeannette Bahr, who had worked at Salpointe the previous Fall semester, helped me get the position. Her husband, Steve Bahr, managed the Library’s Media Center, and my job was to staff the front service counter, to re-shelve materials and to clean filmstrips and records. I didn’t last very long, because I really didn’t like it, and because the staff that worked there weren’t very nice to me, so by March I had quit. Working at Fry’s was sufficient, and taking all those classes kept me quite busy.
The full album is available on Youtube. You can listen to it here too:
I began to buy lots of music recordings once I started my job at Fry’s the previous year. I had a great time exploring all the used and new record stores and spent a lot of money on albums. I loved the folk singers from the 60s especially, and a variety of contemporary male and female pop vocalists. I wasn’t crazy about hard rock, funk or disco, which became all the rage when I was in college. Around this time, I bought albums by Joni Mitchell, Judy Collins, Joan Baez, Bob Dylan, Linda Ronstadt, James Taylor, Rita Coolidge, and Janis Ian. When Janis Ian came to town, I went to her concert. I particularly liked the opening act, Tom Chapin, brother of Harry Chapin, but both performers were amazing. I also attended a Russian balalaika concert with my friend Ana around this time.
In late March, my brother Fred got married. I was a member of the wedding party, and my sister Becky came home from New Jersey for the occasion. My mom was feeling a lot better by 1977, and she participated as well. Many relatives from out of town also showed up, and we had a wonderful time. The wedding was held at St. Ambrose Church, and the reception took place at the Fireman’s Union Hall. There was food galore and a live band. The after party took place at my brother Carlos’s house and it lasted until the wee hours of the morning. I should’ve had my hair cut for the occasion, but never got around to it. The best part of the whole thing was having my sister Becky home. I told her I wanted to go visit her once the school semester ended. It was a promise I was to keep. May was just around the corner.
Working and going to school kept me quite busy. At home, I finally had my own bedroom and desk so that I could study. Life was never peaceful at home as people were always coming and going, but I managed. My grades were okay. The semester flew right by and I ended up with a solid “B” average.
On Thursday, May 12, at around 8:30pm, I was reading a novel titled Saint Francis, by Nikos Kazantzakis at Winchell’s Donut shop on 22nd street. I was the only customer in the store, and suddenly a guy appeared with a gun, and he robbed the place. I knew something was up, and dared not make a move. I sat perfectly still with this book in my hands pretending to read it. When the guy had left and the cops arrived the clerk informed them that the robber had his gun pointed at me. I had no idea because I was seated facing the back wall.
Once school was over, I decided it was time to keep my promise and go see my sister in New Jersey. Greyhound Bus Lines was advertising $100 round-trip tickets to anywhere in the USA, so I decided that is how I would get to the New York area. Becky lived in a small town called Cranford, New Jersey, just outside of Newark, which was just 20 minutes away from New York City. It would take me two and a half days to get there and two and a half days to return. The route on the way there took me through the South, all the way through Texas to Arkansas, Tennessee, Virginia, Delaware, Pennsylvania and finally New Jersey. The route home cut through the middle of Pennsyvania to Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Missouri, Oklahoma, Texas, New Mexico, to Tucson. While my parents didn’t like that I’d be traveling alone, I was up to the challenge and felt completely fearless. Now that I think back on it, a lot of stuff could’ve gone wrong, but I made it there and back with no problems at all.
The things that stick out for me on the trip to New York included a stop in a town called Van Horn, Texas, where the jukebox included a couple of songs by Emmylou Harris. I was just thrilled to be able to play her music on a jukebox in what seemed like the middle of nowhere. The songs I played were from her recent album, Luxury Liner. I think I played two songs, but can’t remember both, although I know for sure that the title of one of them was “You’re Supposed to Be Feeling Good”. I also remember how long it took to get through Texas and how boring most of it was. A couple of passengers who sat next to me at various points turned out to be born again Christians and they both tried to “save” me, but I was a good Catholic kid, and wouldn’t buy what they had to offer. Once we finally got to the eastern side of the state, things began to change, and there were rolling hills and short, stumpy trees everywhere. Arkansas was pretty lush too, but by then it had started to get dark and I couldn’t see much by that point. As we headed into Memphis and then Nashville the following morning, I became awestruck at how beautiful and green everything was. I’d never seen such beautiful countryside in all my life, especially in Tennessee. The mist just hung in the air, all the way to the ground, and there were miles and miles of lush, green hills and trees all around. When we got to Nashville, I ordered breakfast at the Greyhound station restaurant, and it was the first time I’d ever tasted grits. I had no idea what to expect, and I must admit, I disliked them immediately. They probably would’ve tasted much better with some butter and salt, but I had no idea what to do with them. Yuck. I still don’t like them.
The trip from Tennessee through Virginia was quite scenic. We arrived in Washginton DC late at night, and it was one of the only times I felt scared and out of place. I was in need of a bath, and felt itchy and uncomfortable. I was also carrying too much stuff, including a styrofoam ice chest that my parents had packed full of food for me. The food was all gone by the time I got to DC, so I ditched the ice chest and felt much better. The rest of the trip was okay. I remember that Delaware was just beautiful with lots of farms and lush green countryside everywhere.
When I got to Newark, I was expecting my sister’s husband to be there waiting for me, but he was nowhere to be found. I waited for what seemed an eternity, and it was the second time I felt frightened. What else could I do but wait? It was pretty creepy, but Paco, my sister’s husband, eventually showed up, and all was well. We drove straight to Cranford, and there was my sister Becky waiting for me.
My sister and her husband pulled out all the stops for me and for a whole week, took me all over the place. We went to New York City at least twice and had Chinese food in Chinatown, and Italian food in Little Italy. We went up to the top of the Empire State Building, to Times Square and St. Patrick’s Cathedral. I even got them to take me to Greenwich Village to find Gerde’s Folk City, the club where Bob Dylan first played in the early 1960s and where he met Joan Baez. That was a real thrill. They also took me for a long drive down the Jersey shore to Asbury Park, and then to Menlo Park, the home of Thomas Alva Edison. We also ate at the best restaurant I’ve ever been to, a seafood place called Long John’s, Ltd. It was incredible. I’ll never forget that meal.
The trip home was not as exciting as the trip to New York. Pennsylvania is a beautiful state, but I have to admit that Ohio, Indiana and Illinois were almost as boring as Texas. There were nothing but cornfields everywhere, it seemed, and it took forever to get through it all. But, all in all, I had a wonderful time. I’ll never forget that trip. I’ve been to New York only one other time since then, and would love to go back again for another visit. There’s still so much I want to see!
During the summer, I attended my very first Joan Baez concert. She had just released a new album titled “Blowin’ Away”. It was different from most of her other albums in that many of the songs were played to the accompaniment of a rock band. I went to the show with my dear friend Rose, and we had a great time. I was totally in love with Joan Baez, and would remain an ardent fan for life. This was the first of many of her concerts that I would attend.
I also took a class during the summer, my first psychology course. I wanted to major in psychology, and I did well in the class, but my enthusiasm for the subject would eventually fade and my grades in the next couple of psychology courses would drop. My buddy Richard was home from college, and I helped get him a job at Fry’s. He ended up not going back to Colorado, but enrolling at the U of A. It was good to have him back home. While we weren’t as close as we were in high school, we remained the best of friends over the years.
I was very “religious” 18 year old during this point in my life, and I was still battling my attraction to men. I thought if I prayed hard enough and was a good person, it would all go away, and I’d find me a nice girl to marry. Ha! That didn’t happen. What I did end up doing was falling for another guy. This time, he was an older man in his late 30’s, married with children my age and younger, who worked at the grocery store. His name was Jim. He was the sweetest person one could ever meet, and was very kind and generous to me. He was from Missouri and had been in the Air Force. He even liked Joan Baez. I became so “attached” to him that I joined his church for a while. He was Southern Baptist. It was an eye opening experience. The Baptists are, in general, a pretty conservative bunch of people. The minister of the church we attended drove a gold Cadillac and was not much interested in the teachings of Jesus. He was more attuned to the writings of St. Paul and the notion of salvation from sin through grace and baptism, and in making sure his congregants all donated to the church regularly. It’s called “tithing” and you weren’t a good Christian unless you gave at least 10% of your earnings to the church. The members of the congregation were all Anglos who lived on Tucson’s far east side, and some were outwardly racist. I clearly didn’t fit in, and eventually stopped attending services with Jim and his wife. Jim ended up leaving Fry’s, and we drifted apart after a while, but I sure fell hard for him. He surely must’ve known I was attracted to him, but he never let on. He treated me like a son.
Just before the Fall semester started, I moved out of my parents’ house into an apartment in a complex near the University. Another friend of mine from Fry’s told me that his wife, who managed the apartments, was looking for someone to help do maintenance there. The deal was I’d get free rent if I helped clean vacated units. I lasted two whole weeks. I liked living there, but I hated the work. Some of those apartments were downright disgusting and filthy. It was nasty work so I quit and moved back home. I still had my job at Fry’s, and that was enough for me.
I was still determined to move out of my parents’ house, so sometime during the Fall semester, I moved in with my brother Charles and his family. They lived on Calle Aragon, on the south side of town, near my Aunt Mary’s old house in the Elvira neighborhood. I opened a bank account and was driving by this time, using my dad’s old beat up pickup truck. Going to school and then to work and back to Charles’s, whose house was far away from both, took its toll on me, but I stayed there with him and his family until the end of the semester.
During this period, I continued to buy records. Linda Ronstadt and Jackson Browne came out with new albums, as did Dolly Parton. I loved her album. It was called “Here You Come Again”. I also continued reading a lot. One book in particular, titled “Your Erroneous Zones,” had a huge impact on me. It was a self-help book essentially, written by a man named Wayne Dyer, and in it he discussed the futility of things like worry, guilt, and living to please others, and he emphasized the importance of living in the present moment. It was an eye-opener and it helped me begin the process of self-acceptance. I often credit it for saving my life.
The following event happened just five months before I decided to come out of the closet.
According to BusinessInsider.com, “In 1977, singer Anita Bryant led a campaign, called “Save Our Children,” to overturn an anti-discrimination ordinance in Dade County, Florida. Bryant was the spokesperson for the Florida Citrus Commission, and gay activists and celebrity allies called for a boycott of Florida orange juice. At a press conference on October 14, 1977, Bryant was hit in the face with a banana cream pie by an activist posing as a reporter. She led numerous successful efforts to repeal gay-rights ordinances in cities across America but failed with the Briggs Initiative, which would have banned gay teachers in California public schools”.
Less than a month after Anita Bryant was hit on the face with a pie, on November 8, 1977, Harvey Milk became the first openly gay politician to be elected to public office in California. He helped lead the effort to defeat the Briggs Initiative and then won a seat on the San Francisco Board of Supervisors. He was sworn into office in early January, 1978.
My brother Fred and his wife Ruth had a baby they named Edessa in September. She would be the first in a new crop of family members that would include my niece Estrella and my nephew Anthony, who were born the following year.
The Fall school semester was a rough one for me. I had two psychology classes and didn’t do very well in them. I got C’s in both. One of the classes was on statistics, and I got really lost. I was usually pretty good in math, but I felt like the instructor was a lousy teacher. I didn’t do so bad in my other classes, however, and got an A in my English class and an A in general biology. I also got a B in volleyball, which even though I didn’t ace, I enjoyed a lot.
At the end of the year, I decided to apply to live in a dorm room at the University the following semester. I also bought my very first car, a homely looking 1964 Buick Special. It had seen better days, and was not very reliable, but it was all mine, and I drove if for 3 years, until 1982.
1978 would prove to be even more significant as I turned 19, moved into my own apartment, and slowly but surely started accepting the fact that I was gay.
You can enlarge the photos by clicking on them. Click the back arrow key to return to the post.
Every chapter in My Life Story includes information about me, my work, my family and my friends.It also includes information about events that took place locally and nationally, etc. that I thought important enough to include. You’ll also find that I’ve included films, musicians and recordings/videos, in addition to books that were released in a given year.
While I have included many personal photos, most of the graphic content included below is borrowed from the Internet. I do not claim to own this material. I am just adding it for educational purposes. If the owners of any of the content in the “My Life Story” series want their stuff removed, I am happy to oblige. My email address is jrdiaz@arizona.edu. Thanks!
SUMMER, 1973.
I never should have gone to Salpointe. My parents could not afford it. They thought Tucson High was a perfectly good school. After all, my five older brothers and sisters all went there and they did just fine. We were a proud THS Badger family, but I insisted that Salpointe was where I wanted to go. I argued that it was a better school and because I wanted to go to college eventually, I would get a better education there. Nobody knew the real reason why I insisted on Salpointe. In all honesty, I was in love (obsessed) with a boy from junior high who was going there, and I wanted to follow him. Nothing would stand in my way.
I promised my parents I would work my way through school and pay most of the tuition myself, and also noted that my santito cousins, the Mendozas and Basurtos were going there too. My mom and dad reluctantly said okay, but they had no idea what the tuition was going to be. Otherwise, they would have definitely said no. We barely made the tuition payments, and were given a break more often than not. I was a charity case, I suppose. Maybe the administration let me stay on because I did well academically. I really don’t know.
My home life at this time continued to be quite a challenge. My mom was sick a lot and in and out of the hospital for months at a time. Around the same time, my sister Irene got a divorce, and my sister Becky moved to New Jersey. Partying was a big thing in the seventies and most of the kids, in my neighborhood, anyway, were getting high or drinking and doing other drugs. While I was in school, I stayed away from all of that, thank goodness, but every now and then I’d hook up with some of my travieso cousins or friends and we’d smoke or drink, especially during the summer months. I have to say, compared to some of the kids I knew, I was a saint!
One day a traveling salesman came to our house selling books. Without my parents’ permission, I agreed to purchase this all-in-one encyclopedia, as it was a great deal, or so I thought. I didn’t have to pay for it immediately, but there was a catch– I would also have to buy a Spanish-English dictionary that came as part of the package, but it hadn’t been published quite yet. When it did get published, the guy came to our house a second time to deliver the dictionary and to collect the money I owed. My father was home at the time, and I told him what I had done, and asked him to pay for the books. He got very angry at both me and the salesman. He chased the poor guy away and slammed the front door and then he yelled at me and told me to never do something like that again. I guess the salesman was too scared to come back, as my dad was not one to be messed with, and as a result I kept the encyclopedia without paying for it. I was very hurt at my dad, but realized later that I should have first asked for permission to buy the books. My parents didn’t have a lot of money, and things like this were considered frivolous.
FRESHMAN YEAR, 1st SEMESTER: FALL, 1973.
The boy I had the crush on ended up “unfriending” me shortly after school started in the Fall of 1973. Just my luck. He also switched schools and ended up at Rincon or Catalina. I don’t even know. So there I was, with only my santito cousins to hang out with. It took a while to get to know people and make new friends. I had to give up playing the cello too, because the school did not have an orchestra program. I didn’t want to give up music altogether, however, so I took up the saxophone and joined the band. That’s where I made my first friends.
Our band teacher was cool. We played some great stuff, including the Beatles’ song O-Bla-Di-O-Bla-Da and the one that follows, Kodachrome by Paul Simon. We had a lot of fun.
Living near the railroad tracks was hazardous. Chemical waste was dumped into the ground and the water in the area was badly contaminated. The railroad companies eventually cleaned up the toxic waste, but for many in the area who got sick, it was too late. Jerry Mendoza lived right next to the tracks. He was good friends with my brother Fred and the other guys in the neighborhood. He died of leukemia at the age of 16. When I was little, he gave me a Nancy Sinatra album that had the song, “These Boots Are Made For Walking”. He was a rocker, and didn’t care for Nancy Sinatra. The album must’ve belonged to his mom or something. I just loved the album. It also included the songs “In My Room” and “As Tears go By”.
Soylent Green was released on April 19, 1973. This is how I spent Thanksgiving.
I saw these two movies on November 22, Thanksgiving night in 1973. I was very depressed, and also had a crush on a kid named Bill who lived near Salpointe. Shortly before dinnertime, I slipped out of the house and took the bus to Glenn and Campbell. I wandered up and down Bill’s street for a while and then went to the Catalina Movie Theater on Campbell and Grant, where I saw these two movies. They were both way too weird for me. I don’t remember how I made it home. The bus must’ve still been running late into the night. The only person that noticed I wasn’t home for dinner was my sister-in-law Lillian. She seemed genuinely concerned that I was gone, but nobody else thought much of it, sadly enough.
While I liked the majority of my classes this semester, I didn’t really care for my English class, as it was team taught, and each teacher brought a different approach to their work. It didn’t provide for a lot of continuity, which I favored. However, I do remember one teacher in particular who had an impact on me early on. Her name was Sister Rachel, and one day in English class she played the song “What Did You Learn In School Today?” by a folksinger named Tom Paxton. She was “shocked” that none of us had heard of him before! The song was an eye opener, and I later sought it out. Tom Paxton was a folkie who was part of the Sixties generation of singer songwriters who became popular for their political lyrics and memorable tunes like Ramblin’ Boy and Early Mornin Rain. Another thing I remember clearly is that Sister Rachel and other nuns were involved heavily in the farm worker movement at the time, and I remember bringing my mom’s black velvet painting of the Virgen de Guadalupe to class so that Sister Rachel could use it in a protest march that was being held somewhere in the community. It made me very proud to have my mom’s painting included in the march. I didn’t know it at the time, but Sister Rachel was good friends with my other teachers Ron and Jane Cruz. I had a feeling she didn’t like me much for some reason, and I came away thinking she was a very moody nun. Oh well. I did appreciate that she turned me on to Tom Paxton!
I didn’t care much for my religion class either, but the teachers, Father Frank and Father Roderic in particular, did get us to start thinking about deeper stuff like “values” and “morality”. I wasn’t a bad kid, but I was still lost. I continued to struggle with my budding sexuality, and began to question who I was. I’d never thought much about it in the past. I was busy trying to “fit in” and not get beat up.
All in all, I managed to survive my first semester at Salpointe without too much difficulty. I liked my teachers. Most of them were supportive, but I do remember being told by a “counselor” early on that I shouldn’t get my hopes up about going on to college. I couldn’t believe my ears. I’d always wanted to continue my education and go to college, but this jerk must have assumed that because I was Mexican American, that I wasn’t college material. This made me more determined than ever to succeed. Bigotry and hatred towards Mexican Americans, while not always expressed so openly, did exist at Salpointe. I would encounter it at the oddest moments, and it would really shock me and throw me off kilter for a while, but I can be rather stubborn, and I’ve always known I was gifted academically, so I didn’t give up and I persevered in spite of the obstacles and bigoted people I encountered along the way.
The following is from the September 18, 2015 issue of the magazine, Psychology Today.
“In 1973, the American Psychiatric Association (APA) asked all members attending its convention to vote on whether they believed homosexuality to be a mental disorder. 5,854 psychiatrists voted to remove homosexuality from the DSM, and 3,810 to retain it.The APA then compromised, removing homosexuality from the DSM but replacing it, in effect, with “sexual orientation disturbance” for people “in conflict with” their sexual orientation. Not until 1987 did homosexuality completely fall out of the DSM.“
I wrote the following poem around this time. I was fourteen years old.
FRESHMAN YEAR, 2nd SEMESTER: SPRING, 1974.
I started working the Spring semester of my freshman year. I got a job in the snack bar during Bingo nights and worked with my two aunts and my santito cousins selling soft drinks, pop corn, tacos, tostadas, and sandwiches. I had to get a health card in order to serve food.
Spring 1974–this is the semester that changed my life. Growing up, I knew my family was of Mexican and Spanish descent, but we never really discussed our family history in much detail, although my dad was very proud of his Spanish roots. His father was Asturiano, and came to North America from Spain at the turn of the century. His mother was from Zacatecas, Mexico, but also of Spanish descent. My mother’s family, on the other hand was mostly Indio Mexicano and part Spanish. I knew very little about her father’s or mother’s families. Once my grandparents families made it up north, their ties to Mexico weakened with each succeeding generation. As a little boy, I was very light-skinned, a guerito, as they say. I could easily pass for being “white”, especially in my younger years. My brother Fred on the other hand, had darker skin, and people quickly identified him as “Mexican”. This dichotomy played itself out in my whole family. Three of us were light-skinned and three of us were darker in complexion. I never really felt like part of the family. My brothers and sisters were all incredibly good looking, and I felt anything but that. I was fat and cross-eyed, a clumsy, goofy kid with very low self esteem. It didn’t help that my older sister Becky would tease me and tell me I was dropped off on the doorstep and adopted. She was kidding, of course, but I was just a child and I believed her at one point. It messed me up.
Before the second semester started, Salpointe had what was called “Interim Week”. During this time, all the students were able to take mini-courses on any number of topics. I can’t remember the name of the mini-course, but I signed up for one with a teacher named Ron Cruz. The course was a mix of politics and history, and Ron ended up taking us on field trips to a variety of places downtown, including Barrio Viejo and the Pima County Courthouse. It was an eye opening experience, because Ron was teaching us local history, our history. I’d never been exposed to it before, and I was completely hooked. It turns out Ron was going to teach an entire class on the topic soon and he invited me to sign up for it, even though most of the other students enrolled in it were sophomores.
The class was called “Cultural Awareness” but it was really an introduction to Chicano Studies. It opened my eyes to who I was. I was finally able to understand the significance of my family background and began to learn about our social structure and my family’s place in it. I embraced the word CHICANO because Ron defined it as a person who was proud of both his indigenous and Spanish roots and someone who had a sense of “critical consciousness” about the historical and political realities of American society and who worked to make the world a better place. That’s exactly who I wanted to be and do too.
To elaborate, this brief description from Wikipedia describes well just what I was experiencing. “Critical consciousness, conscientization, or conscientização in Portuguese, is a popular education and social concept developed by Brazilian pedagogue and educational theoristPaulo Freire, grounded in post-Marxistcritical theory. Critical consciousness focuses on achieving an in-depth understanding of the world, allowing for the perception and exposure of social and political contradictions. Critical consciousness also includes taking action against the oppressive elements in one’s life that are illuminated by that understanding.[1]
In subsequent years, I would continue my education in Chicano history and other topics such as the study of social movements and non-violence. I am forever grateful to my teachers Ron and Jane for helping to guide me in this direction.
In this class, I was exposed to music, poetry, history, politics, film and literature. Ron would play us Mexican corridos, and on his classroom walls were portraits of accomplished Mexican Americans, people like senators, congressmen, educators and labor leaders. He would also show a variety of films in class, which I really enjoyed. He helped us all realize that we had a deep, rich history, one to be proud of. Wow. I felt like I had finally found myself, at least partially. There certainly was a lot more to discover and explore, but this was the start of a long adventure of self discovery and self acceptance!
I wasn’t always aware of it, but my feet have always been immersed in both Mexican culture (especially at home, listening to my parents and relatives speak to each other in Spanish, listening to norteno music on the radio in the kitchen , watching El Teatro Mexicano on TV every week, going to Catholic mass every Sunday, and eating Mexican food all the time), and American culture ( via television, popular music, literature, and film).
SUMMER, 1974.
During the summer of ’74, I tried my hand at washing dishes at Howard Johnson’s during the graveyard shift. I lasted only a month, and earned just over $350. It was the first time I’d ever contributed to the federal tax system, however. From this point on, I’d continue working and paying income tax every year, either at the snack bar or at other places.
SOPHOMORE YEAR, 1st SEMESTER: FALL, 1974.
As I entered my second year of high school, I was still struggling with the fact that I was attracted to boys. I continued to hide how I felt, although I did have a couple of sexual encounters with one of my travieso cousins around this time. What started out as horseplay developed into something else altogether. The details aren’t important. I’ll just say I enjoyed it immensely, but knew I couldn’t tell a soul about it, nor could I allow it to continue. What felt so right was wrong, at least that’s how everyone around me, including me, thought about it.
This was also the year I became great friends with Ron and Jane Cruz, Richard Elias and Sylvia Boyed. Richard and I had met in Mr. Cruz’s Cultural Awareness class the previous semester, and we both ended up playing the tenor saxophone in the marching band together in the Fall of ’74. We were also on the newspaper staff together. The following semester, we led a petition drive to get scab lettuce out of the high school cafeteria. Most of the student body signed the petition, but the administration let us down and we were informed that the lettuce machines didn’t work with romaine or other kinds of lettuce. They only worked with iceberg lettuce, so our effort went down the drain. It was fun, nevertheless. We had drive and were passionate about a cause, and we succeeded in getting the vast majority of students on our side.
As I just noted, I started to spend a lot of time in and out of school with Richard my sophomore year, and we would remain very close throughout the rest of our time at Salpointe. I would, for example, go to his house after school and play basketball with him or watch Hogan’s Heroes and The Munsters on TV with him. I even stayed at his house and had dinner with his whole family multiple times. Richard’s parents were very kind and generous to me at a period in my life when I needed such generosity. My mom was hospitalized at this point, and there was no such thing as “family dinner time” at my house. I always marveled at how the Elias family would eat together every day, and how Mr. Elias would engage his kids in conversation at the dinner table. Richard had an older sister named Ana, and an older brother named Albert, both of whom I became good friends with as well.
If there was one album that I cherished in my teen years, it was Carole King’s Tapestry. I especially loved the tunes, So Far Away and You’ve Got a Friend. I thought of my sister Becky when I heard the first of the two, and of Richard when I heard the second. Becky and Richard became the two most important people in the world to me, and while one was close in proximity, both were very far away. Unreachable. I’d dare not share how I felt about Richard, yet somehow I think everyone must’ve known that I was completely smitten and totally in love–a real mess, yes indeed. Becky was the only person in the world at the time that I felt understood how hard things were for me growing up. She was there when I needed her, but had moved very far away, and it would be years before I’d see her again.
The film, “The Longest Yard”, premiered on August 21, 1974. It was so funny!
SOPHOMORE YEAR, 2nd SEMESTER: SPRING, 1975.
This was a particularly difficult year for me and my family. I turned 16 on January 15, but there was no celebration. I spent the evening at home listening to oldies and moping. I felt so awkward and lonely. A week later, a couple of my immediate family members got into some serious trouble, and our lives were never the same. I can’t divulge many details, but there were a lot of heavy changes that took place. Another sibling separated from his wife at this time, making things even more difficult to deal with. I struggled at school, and felt isolated and very depressed. I still had my friends and teachers, but it sure was rough going there for a while. I don’t think anyone had any idea what I was going through at the time.
Joan Baez started her career in 1959, the year I was born, but she was rarely on the radio. Her only hit was “The Night They Drove Old Dixie Down”, which I didn’t particularly like. I started listening to her my freshman year. The first records of hers, aside from the aforementioned one, that I heard were “In Concert: Part II”(1963) and “David’s Album”(1969). I borrowed them from the public library downtown. My mother bought me the album “Diamonds and Rust” in 1975, and I wrote an article about Ms. Baez for the student newspaper around the same time. This was the year she was part of Bob Dylan’s “Rolling Thunder Revue” tour, which began in October, 1975 and lasted until May of the following year.
SUMMER, 1975.
The above film can be watched on youtube, but it’s broken up into six parts. Here is the first part. Subsequent parts appear on the right of the youtube page.
JUNIOR YEAR, 1st SEMESTER: FALL, 1975.
Mr. Gary Heinz taught Global Studies. We focused solely on the histories of China and the Soviet Union, however. Mr. Heinz would use the entire blackboard to write out his lecture outline and notes every class. He was one of the very few teachers that did that. I remember he offered extra credit once to the student who could correctly write down the names of all the state capitals the fastest. I won the contest. I also wrote one of my first creative writing essays in his class. It was about Taoism. I got an A on it. I asked Mr Heinz if I could have the paper, but he decided to keep it. He also had us all write papers about some aspect of Russian History. I chose to write about Alexander Kerensky, head of the provisional government in 1917 for just a few months. The Bolsheviks soon took power and he was exiled.
Mr. Heintz held a contest and awarded a prize to the first student in the class who could identify all of the capital cities of the 50 states of the union. I won the contest. I’ve loved geography ever since elementary school.
JUNIOR YEAR, 2nd SEMESTER: SPRING, 1976.
Meanwhile, two adult friends of mine and Richard’s who shall remain nameless took us to see this film. What a hoot!
The second semester of my junior year ended and most of my friends graduated. Richard went on to Colorado College and my friend Sylvia moved to San Diego and attended the University of San Diego. My friends Terri and Rose also left for college. Ronnie got a job and would soon be married.
Even Ron and Jane left. Ron went on to work for Nosotros, a local social service agency, and Jane ran a bookstore before going to work for Pima County Adult Education. I knew it was going to be rough for me the next semester. My support network had disappeared, but I had no idea how truly difficult things would get. Our family had problems coming out of its ears, and I couldn’t wait to leave home. It would take another year or two before that happened, however. I held on and did my best to get through and graduate the following Spring, but things didn’t quite work out that way.
SUMMER, 1976.
I’m not exactly sure when, but around this time I went with Richard and his mom to Nogales. I bought some greeting cards, post cards and other stuff while there. I still have these little treasures after all these years.
SENIOR YEAR, 1st SEMESTER: FALL, 1976.
It was the start of my senior year, and I felt so terribly lonely. Things at home were worse than ever. My mom was very, very ill and life in our house was nearly unbearable. On top of that, I was working half time at Fry’s and had a full load of classes, including a couple where I ended up with a bunch of freshmen, because I messed up the sequencing of my classes a few years earlier. I took physics my sophomore year, when I should’ve taken biology, for example. I also had two advanced math classes, which were a real challenge. I was also supposed to fill the role of editor of the Crusader, something I knew was beyond my capabilities. I was under so much pressure, it nearly turned me into a basket case.
My friends were all away at college at this time, struggling with their own issues, but we managed to keep in touch regularly. Some did better than others at adjusting to college life away from home. Richard wrote a few letters, and I could sense that things weren’t very easy for him. Sylvia, Terri and Rose also corresponded with me regularly at this time. I still have all their letters. My sister Becky also wrote to me a lot, something she started doing back in ’73, after she moved to New Jersey. Her letters and cards were always encouraging. She knew that I was struggling, but would always try her best to cheer me up. Her favorite little saying to me was “cheer up, buttercup”. Ha ha ha. Oh, if only it were that easy!
The previous year, a good friend of mine named Marlena had left Salpointe early, at the end of the first semester of her senior year. She took the GED exam and went straight to the University of Arizona. I remembered that she had done this, and realized that was what I needed to do too, to preserve my sanity. So I decided to follow suit and announced to everyone that I was going to quit high school. My parents were horrified, as were my teachers and the school administrators. I was betraying everyone by doing this. I was losing out on getting in to a good school upon graduation. It was wrong, and I would regret it, they told me, but I knew it was the only solution. I was ready to crack. I had to get out, so I didn’t waste any time. I left Salpointe in late September and found out when and where I could take the GED. I took it in October, and then I set about getting myself enrolled at the University of Arizona, and completed all the paperwork by November. I did this all on my own, and my plan worked. By January, I started classes as a freshman at the University of Arizona, and I continued to work at Fry’s. A whole new chapter in my life was about to begin.
Here’s one of my favorites songs from the soundtrack:
1976 marked a turning point in my life. It was the year I declared my independence and started making my own life decisions. It was also the year I started working a regular job. My earnings for the year totaled $1,832. From that point on, they would steadily increase and I would continue working for 9 more years at Fry’s, supporting myself through college. Even though I was young, adulthood had arrived. Freedom from my demons would also eventually become a reality too, but it would take another year or more before I came to terms with the truth, and many more before I fully accepted myself.
To be continued. Stay tuned for Part 4: The Undergraduate Years, 1977-1982…